Update model_renderer.py

commit 1e8d692804
Merge: 5d5dc6c50c 097dd9b5f2
Author: royjr <royjr96@gmail.com>
Date:   Tue Jun 9 00:13:12 2026 -0400

    Merge branch 'master' into visuals-radar-tracks

commit 5d5dc6c50c
Author: royjr <royjr96@gmail.com>
Date:   Tue Jun 9 00:12:06 2026 -0400

    yaml

commit 5c64fe0695
Merge: 37eeb121cd 066ba92e77
Author: royjr <royjr96@gmail.com>
Date:   Mon Jun 8 23:19:24 2026 -0400

    Merge branch 'master' into visuals-radar-tracks

commit 37eeb121cd
Merge: 19a5202f4c 1658898498
Author: royjr <royjr96@gmail.com>
Date:   Fri Mar 27 16:27:10 2026 -0700

    Merge branch 'master' into visuals-radar-tracks

commit 19a5202f4c
Merge: 920ef49b32 a17a38d8c3
Author: royjr <royjr96@gmail.com>
Date:   Mon Mar 2 02:44:58 2026 -0500

    Merge branch 'master' into visuals-radar-tracks

commit 920ef49b32
Author: royjr <royjr96@gmail.com>
Date:   Thu Feb 5 01:01:07 2026 -0500

    no return

commit c7a37ca89e
Merge: 45ca076aef 5c12a7cfc3
Author: royjr <royjr96@gmail.com>
Date:   Thu Feb 5 00:52:12 2026 -0500

    Merge branch 'master' into visuals-radar-tracks

commit 45ca076aef
Merge: 70cf5e6d52 19a7d1d5d7
Author: royjr <royjr96@gmail.com>
Date:   Wed Dec 31 15:26:12 2025 -0500

    Merge branch 'master' into visuals-radar-tracks

commit 70cf5e6d52
Author: royjr <royjr96@gmail.com>
Date:   Mon Dec 29 12:03:57 2025 -0500

    Update params_metadata.json

commit f4c71e4918
Author: royjr <royjr96@gmail.com>
Date:   Mon Dec 29 10:05:17 2025 -0500

    lint

commit 8408241495
Author: royjr <royjr96@gmail.com>
Date:   Mon Dec 29 02:23:10 2025 -0500

    Update toggles.py

commit 640988673e
Author: royjr <royjr96@gmail.com>
Date:   Mon Dec 29 02:22:16 2025 -0500

    mici toggle

commit 1429975f1e
Author: royjr <royjr96@gmail.com>
Date:   Mon Dec 29 02:22:01 2025 -0500

    Revert "force enable for now"

    This reverts commit efd499448a.

commit efd499448a
Author: royjr <royjr96@gmail.com>
Date:   Mon Dec 29 00:42:38 2025 -0500

    force enable for now

commit f7e636f089
Author: royjr <royjr96@gmail.com>
Date:   Mon Dec 29 00:42:19 2025 -0500

    use params

commit 00187dc59e
Author: royjr <royjr96@gmail.com>
Date:   Mon Dec 29 00:37:19 2025 -0500

    use checks

commit cde6368cf7
Author: royjr <royjr96@gmail.com>
Date:   Mon Dec 29 00:30:15 2025 -0500

    cleaner

commit 08b56f9b33
Author: royjr <royjr96@gmail.com>
Date:   Mon Dec 29 00:28:12 2025 -0500

    better sp

commit 78efe3a476
Author: royjr <royjr96@gmail.com>
Date:   Mon Dec 29 00:21:08 2025 -0500

    init sp

commit 54578675c2
Author: royjr <royjr96@gmail.com>
Date:   Mon Dec 29 00:19:17 2025 -0500

    init

common/params_keys.h

@@ -178,6 +178,7 @@ inline static std::unordered_map<std::string, ParamKeyAttributes> keys = {
     {"OnroadUploads", {PERSISTENT | BACKUP, BOOL, "1"}},
     {"QuickBootToggle", {PERSISTENT | BACKUP, BOOL, "0"}},
     {"QuietMode", {PERSISTENT | BACKUP, BOOL, "0"}},
+    {"RadarTracks", {PERSISTENT | BACKUP, BOOL, "0"}},
     {"RainbowMode", {PERSISTENT | BACKUP, BOOL, "0"}},
     {"RocketFuel", {PERSISTENT | BACKUP, BOOL, "0"}},
     {"ShowAdvancedControls", {PERSISTENT | BACKUP, BOOL, "0"}},
@@ -219,6 +220,7 @@ inline static std::unordered_map<std::string, ParamKeyAttributes> keys = {
 
     // sunnypilot car specific params
     {"HyundaiLongitudinalTuning", {PERSISTENT | BACKUP, INT, "0"}},
+    {"HyundaiRadar", {PERSISTENT | BACKUP, INT, "0"}},
     {"SubaruStopAndGo", {PERSISTENT | BACKUP, BOOL, "0"}},
     {"SubaruStopAndGoManualParkingBrake", {PERSISTENT | BACKUP, BOOL, "0"}},
     {"TeslaCoopSteering", {PERSISTENT | BACKUP, BOOL, "0"}},

selfdrive/ui/mici/layouts/settings/toggles.py

@@ -21,8 +21,11 @@ class TogglesLayoutMici(NavScroller):
     record_front = BigParamControl("record & upload driver camera", "RecordFront", toggle_callback=restart_needed_callback)
     record_mic = BigParamControl("record & upload mic audio", "RecordAudio", toggle_callback=restart_needed_callback)
     enable_openpilot = BigParamControl("enable sunnypilot", "OpenpilotEnabledToggle", toggle_callback=restart_needed_callback)
+    hyundai_radar = BigMultiParamToggle("hyundai radar", "HyundaiRadar", ["off", "lead only", "full radar"])
+    radar_tracks = BigParamControl("radar tracks", "RadarTracks")
 
     self._scroller.add_widgets([
+      radar_tracks,
       self._personality_toggle,
       self._experimental_btn,
       is_metric_toggle,
@@ -35,6 +38,8 @@ class TogglesLayoutMici(NavScroller):
 
     # Toggle lists
     self._refresh_toggles = (
+      ("HyundaiRadar", hyundai_radar),
+      ("RadarTracks", radar_tracks),
       ("ExperimentalMode", self._experimental_btn),
       ("IsMetric", is_metric_toggle),
       ("IsLdwEnabled", ldw_toggle),

selfdrive/ui/mici/onroad/model_renderer.py

@@ -153,6 +153,9 @@ class ModelRenderer(Widget, ModelRendererSP):
       self._draw_lane_lines()
       self._draw_path(sm)
 
+    if ui_state.radar_tracks and sm.valid['liveTracks'] and sm.recv_frame['liveTracks'] >= ui_state.started_frame:
+      self.radar_tracks.draw_radar_tracks(sm['liveTracks'], self._map_to_screen, self._path_offset_z, track_size=3)
+
     # if render_lead_indicator and radar_state:
     #   self._draw_lead_indicator()
 

selfdrive/ui/onroad/model_renderer.py

@@ -135,6 +135,9 @@ class ModelRenderer(Widget, ChevronMetrics, ModelRendererSP):
     self._draw_lane_lines()
     self._draw_path(sm)
 
+    if ui_state.radar_tracks and sm.valid['liveTracks'] and sm.recv_frame['liveTracks'] >= ui_state.started_frame:
+      self.radar_tracks.draw_radar_tracks(sm['liveTracks'], self._map_to_screen, self._path_offset_z)
+
     if render_lead_indicator and radar_state:
       self._draw_lead_indicator()
       self.chevron_metrics.draw_lead_status(sm, radar_state, self._rect, self._lead_vehicles)

selfdrive/ui/sunnypilot/mici/onroad/model_renderer.py

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ See the LICENSE.md file in the root directory for more details.
 import pyray as rl
 from openpilot.selfdrive.ui.ui_state import UIStatus
 from openpilot.selfdrive.ui.sunnypilot.onroad.rainbow_path import RainbowPath
+from openpilot.selfdrive.ui.sunnypilot.onroad.radar_tracks import RadarTracks
 
 LANE_LINE_COLORS_SP = {
   UIStatus.LAT_ONLY: rl.Color(0, 255, 64, 255),
@@ -17,3 +18,4 @@ LANE_LINE_COLORS_SP = {
 class ModelRendererSP:
   def __init__(self):
     self.rainbow_path = RainbowPath()
+    self.radar_tracks = RadarTracks()

selfdrive/ui/sunnypilot/onroad/model_renderer.py

@@ -6,9 +6,12 @@ See the LICENSE.md file in the root directory for more details.
 """
 from openpilot.selfdrive.ui.sunnypilot.onroad.chevron_metrics import ChevronMetrics
 from openpilot.selfdrive.ui.sunnypilot.onroad.rainbow_path import RainbowPath
+from openpilot.selfdrive.ui.sunnypilot.onroad.radar_tracks import RadarTracks
 
 
 class ModelRendererSP:
   def __init__(self):
     self.rainbow_path = RainbowPath()
     self.chevron_metrics = ChevronMetrics()
+    self.radar_tracks = RadarTracks()
+

selfdrive/ui/sunnypilot/onroad/radar_tracks.py

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+"""
+Copyright (c) 2021-, Haibin Wen, sunnypilot, and a number of other contributors.
+
+This file is part of sunnypilot and is licensed under the MIT License.
+See the LICENSE.md file in the root directory for more details.
+"""
+import math
+import pyray as rl
+
+
+class RadarTracks:
+  def draw_radar_tracks(self, live_tracks, map_to_screen, path_offset_z, track_size=6):
+    for track in live_tracks.points:
+      d_rel, y_rel, v_rel, a_rel = track.dRel, track.yRel, track.vRel, track.aRel
+      if not (math.isfinite(d_rel) and math.isfinite(y_rel) and math.isfinite(v_rel) and math.isfinite(a_rel)):
+        continue
+
+      pt = map_to_screen(d_rel, -y_rel, path_offset_z)
+      if pt is None:
+        continue
+
+      x, y = pt
+      rl.draw_circle(int(x), int(y), track_size, rl.Color(0, 255, 64, 255))

selfdrive/ui/sunnypilot/ui_state.py

@@ -169,6 +169,7 @@ class UIStateSP:
     self.turn_signals = self.params.get_bool("ShowTurnSignals")
     self.boot_offroad_mode = self.params.get("DeviceBootMode", return_default=True)
     self.always_offroad = self.params.get_bool("OffroadMode")
+    self.radar_tracks = self.params.get_bool("RadarTracks")
 
     if not self._sp_initialized:
       self._sp_initialized = True

selfdrive/ui/ui_state.py

@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ class UIState(UIStateSP):
         "liveParameters",
         "testJoystick",
         "rawAudioData",
+        "liveTracks",
       ] + self.sm_services_ext
     )
 

sunnypilot/selfdrive/car/interfaces.py

@@ -112,6 +112,7 @@ def initialize_params(params) -> list[dict[str, Any]]:
   # hyundai
   keys.extend([
     "HyundaiLongitudinalTuning",
+    "HyundaiRadar",
   ])
 
   # subaru

sunnypilot/sunnylink/settings_ui.json

@@ -1296,6 +1296,12 @@
               "title": "Display Turn Signals",
               "description": "When enabled, visual turn indicators are drawn on the HUD."
             },
+            {
+              "key": "RadarTracks",
+              "widget": "toggle",
+              "title": "Radar Tracks",
+              "description": "Show radar tracks"
+            },
             {
               "key": "RoadNameToggle",
               "widget": "toggle",

sunnypilot/sunnylink/settings_ui_src/pages/visuals.yaml

@@ -24,6 +24,10 @@ sections:
     widget: toggle
     title: Display Turn Signals
     description: When enabled, visual turn indicators are drawn on the HUD.
+  - key: RadarTracks
+    widget: toggle
+    title: Radar Tracks
+    description: Show radar tracks
   - key: RoadNameToggle
     widget: toggle
     title: Display Road Name

tools/replay/auto_radar_detect.py

@@ -0,0 +1,343 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+import argparse
+import concurrent.futures
+import os
+import signal
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import time
+from collections import Counter, defaultdict
+
+import cereal.messaging as messaging
+from msgq.ipc_pyx import IpcError
+from opendbc.car.tests.routes import CarTestRoute, routes
+from openpilot.tools.replay.custom_routes import CUSTOM_ROUTES
+from openpilot.tools.replay.radar_helpers import (
+  build_seen_address_map,
+  get_radar_spec,
+  is_exclusive_full_range_match,
+)
+
+
+REPLAY_PATH = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "replay")
+REPLAY_PLAYBACK_SPEED = "3.0"
+REPLAY_ALLOW_SERVICES = "can"
+DETECTION_TIMEOUT_SECONDS = 20.0
+DETECTION_MIN_HITS = 10
+SOCKET_WAIT_TIMEOUT_SECONDS = 10.0
+CAR_MODEL_WIDTH = 38
+RADAR_TYPE_WIDTH = 10
+
+ANSI_RESET = "\033[0m"
+ANSI_BOLD = "\033[1m"
+ANSI_DIM = "\033[2m"
+ANSI_RED = "\033[31m"
+ANSI_GREEN = "\033[32m"
+ANSI_YELLOW = "\033[33m"
+ANSI_BLUE = "\033[34m"
+ANSI_MAGENTA = "\033[35m"
+ANSI_CYAN = "\033[36m"
+
+RADAR_FAMILY_COLORS = {
+  "RADAR_500_51F": ANSI_CYAN,
+  "RADAR_210_21F": ANSI_YELLOW,
+  "RADAR_3A5_3C4": ANSI_GREEN,
+  "RADAR_602_611": ANSI_BLUE,
+}
+
+
+def build_arg_parser() -> argparse.ArgumentParser:
+  parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+    description="Replay Hyundai/Kia/Genesis test routes and auto-detect radar type.",
+    formatter_class=argparse.ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter,
+  )
+  parser.add_argument("--routes", action="store_true",
+                      help="Use Hyundai/Kia/Genesis routes from opendbc/car/tests/routes.py.")
+  parser.add_argument("--custom-routes", action="store_true",
+                      help="Use routes from tools/replay/custom_routes.py.")
+  parser.add_argument("--route", action="append", default=[],
+                      help="Specific route(s) to test. If omitted, use Hyundai/Kia/Genesis routes from opendbc/car/tests/routes.py.")
+  parser.add_argument("--data-dir", default=None,
+                      help="Optional local directory of route data to pass through to replay.")
+  parser.add_argument("--timeout", type=float, default=DETECTION_TIMEOUT_SECONDS,
+                      help="Seconds to wait for a radar-family detection before giving up on a route.")
+  parser.add_argument("--min-hits", type=int, default=DETECTION_MIN_HITS,
+                      help="Minimum CAN hits in a radar-family address range before considering it detected.")
+  parser.add_argument("--playback", default=REPLAY_PLAYBACK_SPEED,
+                      help="Replay playback speed.")
+  parser.add_argument("--limit", type=int, default=None,
+                      help="Only process the first N matching routes.")
+  parser.add_argument("--jobs", type=int, default=1,
+                      help="Number of routes to process in parallel.")
+  parser.add_argument("--prefix", default="auto-radar-detect",
+                      help="Base OPENPILOT_PREFIX to isolate replay sockets.")
+  return parser
+
+
+def get_hkg_routes() -> list[CarTestRoute]:
+  hkg_prefixes = ("HYUNDAI_", "KIA_", "GENESIS_")
+  return [
+    route for route in routes
+    if route.car_model is not None and getattr(route.car_model, "name", str(route.car_model)).startswith(hkg_prefixes)
+  ]
+
+
+def get_selected_routes(args: argparse.Namespace) -> list[CarTestRoute]:
+  selected_sources = int(bool(args.route)) + int(bool(args.routes)) + int(bool(args.custom_routes))
+  if selected_sources > 1:
+    raise ValueError("Use only one of --route, --routes, or --custom-routes.")
+
+  if args.route:
+    route_map = {route.route: route for route in get_hkg_routes()}
+    selected = []
+    for route_name in args.route:
+      selected.append(route_map.get(route_name, CarTestRoute(route_name, None)))
+    return selected[:args.limit] if args.limit is not None else selected
+
+  if args.custom_routes:
+    selected = [CarTestRoute(route.route, route.car_model) for route in CUSTOM_ROUTES]
+    return selected[:args.limit] if args.limit is not None else selected
+
+  selected = get_hkg_routes()
+  return selected[:args.limit] if args.limit is not None else selected
+
+
+def terminate_process(proc: subprocess.Popen) -> None:
+  if proc.poll() is not None:
+    return
+
+  proc.terminate()
+  try:
+    proc.wait(timeout=5)
+  except subprocess.TimeoutExpired:
+    proc.kill()
+    proc.wait(timeout=5)
+
+
+def start_replay(route: str, prefix: str, args: argparse.Namespace) -> subprocess.Popen:
+  cmd = [
+    REPLAY_PATH,
+    "--no-vipc",
+    "--no-loop",
+    "--playback", args.playback,
+    "--allow", REPLAY_ALLOW_SERVICES,
+    "--prefix", prefix,
+  ]
+  if args.data_dir:
+    cmd.extend(["--data_dir", args.data_dir])
+  cmd.append(route)
+
+  env = os.environ.copy()
+  env["OPENPILOT_PREFIX"] = prefix
+  return subprocess.Popen(
+    cmd,
+    cwd=os.path.dirname(REPLAY_PATH),
+    env=env,
+    stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+    stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+    preexec_fn=os.setsid if os.name != "nt" else None,
+  )
+
+
+def stop_replay(proc: subprocess.Popen) -> None:
+  if proc.poll() is not None:
+    return
+
+  if os.name != "nt":
+    try:
+      os.killpg(proc.pid, signal.SIGTERM)
+    except ProcessLookupError:
+      return
+  else:
+    proc.terminate()
+
+  try:
+    proc.wait(timeout=5)
+  except subprocess.TimeoutExpired:
+    if os.name != "nt":
+      try:
+        os.killpg(proc.pid, signal.SIGKILL)
+      except ProcessLookupError:
+        return
+    else:
+      proc.kill()
+    proc.wait(timeout=5)
+
+
+def wait_for_can_socket(prefix: str, timeout: float) -> messaging.SubSocket:
+  socket_path = os.path.join("/tmp", f"msgq_{prefix}", "can")
+  started = time.monotonic()
+  while True:
+    if os.path.exists(socket_path):
+      break
+    if time.monotonic() - started > timeout:
+      raise TimeoutError(f"Timed out waiting for CAN socket at {socket_path}")
+    time.sleep(0.1)
+
+  while True:
+    try:
+      return messaging.sub_sock("can", conflate=False, timeout=100)
+    except IpcError:
+      if time.monotonic() - started > timeout:
+        raise
+      time.sleep(0.1)
+
+
+def detect_radar_family(route: CarTestRoute, route_idx: int, args: argparse.Namespace) -> dict:
+  prefix = f"{args.prefix}-{os.getpid()}-{route_idx}"
+  os.environ["OPENPILOT_PREFIX"] = prefix
+  messaging.reset_context()
+  proc = start_replay(route.route, prefix, args)
+  logcan = wait_for_can_socket(prefix, min(args.timeout, SOCKET_WAIT_TIMEOUT_SECONDS))
+  counts = Counter()
+  buses = defaultdict(set)
+  seen_addresses = build_seen_address_map()
+  started = time.monotonic()
+  detected = None
+
+  try:
+    while True:
+      if proc.poll() is not None and (time.monotonic() - started) > 1.0:
+        break
+      if time.monotonic() - started > args.timeout:
+        break
+
+      msgs = messaging.drain_sock(logcan, wait_for_one=True)
+      for msg in msgs:
+        for can_msg in msg.can:
+          radar_spec = get_radar_spec(can_msg.address)
+          if radar_spec is not None:
+            counts[radar_spec.name] += 1
+            buses[radar_spec.name].add(can_msg.src)
+            seen_addresses[radar_spec.name].add(can_msg.address)
+            if counts[radar_spec.name] >= args.min_hits and is_exclusive_full_range_match(radar_spec, seen_addresses):
+              detected = radar_spec.name
+          if detected is not None:
+            break
+        if detected is not None:
+          break
+      if detected is not None:
+        break
+  finally:
+    stop_replay(proc)
+
+  dominant_family = detected
+
+  return {
+    "route": route.route,
+    "car_model": str(route.car_model) if route.car_model is not None else "UNKNOWN",
+    "detected": dominant_family or "NONE",
+    "counts": dict(counts),
+    "buses": {name: sorted(bus_set) for name, bus_set in buses.items()},
+    "seen_addresses": {name: sorted(addresses) for name, addresses in seen_addresses.items()},
+  }
+
+
+def print_results(results: list[dict]) -> None:
+  print(f"{'Car Model':<{CAR_MODEL_WIDTH}}  {'Detected':<{RADAR_TYPE_WIDTH}}  Route")
+  print("-" * (CAR_MODEL_WIDTH + RADAR_TYPE_WIDTH + 9 + 60))
+  for result in results:
+    detected_plain = "" if result["detected"] == "NONE" else result["detected"]
+    model = format_car_model(result["car_model"])[:CAR_MODEL_WIDTH]
+    detected = f"{detected_plain:<{RADAR_TYPE_WIDTH}}"
+    if supports_color() and detected_plain:
+      detected = f"{colorize_detected(detected_plain)}" + " " * max(0, RADAR_TYPE_WIDTH - len(detected_plain))
+    print(f"{model:<{CAR_MODEL_WIDTH}}  {detected}  {result['route']}")
+
+
+def supports_color() -> bool:
+  return sys.stdout.isatty() and os.getenv("TERM") not in (None, "dumb")
+
+
+def format_car_model(car_model: object) -> str:
+  return str(car_model) if car_model is not None else "UNKNOWN"
+
+
+def colorize_detected(detected: str) -> str:
+  if detected == "NONE":
+    return ""
+
+  if not supports_color():
+    return detected
+
+  color = RADAR_FAMILY_COLORS.get(detected, ANSI_MAGENTA)
+  return f"{color}{detected}{ANSI_RESET}"
+
+
+def print_progress_line(index: int, total: int, route: CarTestRoute, detected: str) -> None:
+  left = f"[{index}/{total}]"
+  model = format_car_model(route.car_model)[:CAR_MODEL_WIDTH]
+  detected_plain = "" if detected == "NONE" else detected
+  route_text = route.route
+  if supports_color():
+    left = f"{ANSI_DIM}{left}{ANSI_RESET}"
+    model = f"{ANSI_CYAN}{model:<{CAR_MODEL_WIDTH}}{ANSI_RESET}"
+    detected_text = colorize_detected(detected_plain).ljust(len(colorize_detected(detected_plain)))
+    route_text = f"{ANSI_DIM}{route_text}{ANSI_RESET}"
+  else:
+    model = f"{model:<{CAR_MODEL_WIDTH}}"
+    detected_text = detected_plain
+
+  detected_text = f"{detected_plain:<{RADAR_TYPE_WIDTH}}" if not supports_color() else (
+    f"{colorize_detected(detected_plain)}" + " " * max(0, RADAR_TYPE_WIDTH - len(detected_plain))
+  )
+
+  print(f"{left} {model}  {detected_text}  {route_text}")
+
+
+def main() -> int:
+  args = build_arg_parser().parse_args(sys.argv[1:])
+  try:
+    selected_routes = get_selected_routes(args)
+  except ValueError as e:
+    print(str(e), file=sys.stderr)
+    return 2
+  if not selected_routes:
+    print("No matching routes found.", file=sys.stderr)
+    return 1
+
+  results = []
+  total = len(selected_routes)
+  jobs = max(1, min(args.jobs, total))
+
+  header_model = "Car Model"
+  header_detected = "Radar"
+  if supports_color():
+    header_model = f"{ANSI_BOLD}{header_model:<{CAR_MODEL_WIDTH}}{ANSI_RESET}"
+    header_detected = f"{ANSI_BOLD}{header_detected:<{RADAR_TYPE_WIDTH}}{ANSI_RESET}"
+  else:
+    header_model = f"{header_model:<{CAR_MODEL_WIDTH}}"
+    header_detected = f"{header_detected:<{RADAR_TYPE_WIDTH}}"
+  print(f"     {header_model}  {header_detected}  Route")
+
+  if jobs == 1:
+    for idx, route in enumerate(selected_routes):
+      result = detect_radar_family(route, idx, args)
+      print_progress_line(idx + 1, total, route, result['detected'])
+      results.append((idx, result))
+  else:
+    with concurrent.futures.ProcessPoolExecutor(max_workers=jobs) as executor:
+      future_to_job = {
+        executor.submit(detect_radar_family, route, idx, args): (idx, route)
+        for idx, route in enumerate(selected_routes)
+      }
+      completed = 0
+      for future in concurrent.futures.as_completed(future_to_job):
+        idx, route = future_to_job[future]
+        result = future.result()
+        completed += 1
+        print_progress_line(completed, total, route, result['detected'])
+        results.append((idx, result))
+
+  results = sorted(
+    (result for _, result in results),
+    key=lambda result: (result["car_model"], result["route"]),
+  )
+
+  print()
+  print_results(results)
+  return 0
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+  raise SystemExit(main())

tools/replay/custom_routes.py

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class CustomRoute:
+  car_model: str
+  route: str
+
+
+CUSTOM_ROUTES = [
+  CustomRoute("HYUNDAI_ELANTRA_HEV_2024", "07a48901db7b2503|0000012d--61aba9f832"),
+  CustomRoute("HYUNDAI_IONIQ_5", "c5a5f79df9b6a084/0000005d--24c0a7a7ee"),
+  CustomRoute("HYUNDAI_IONIQ_5", "90950642f47cf05b/00000681--6a904aaa98"),
+  CustomRoute("HYUNDAI_IONIQ_5", "102161de13e822d1/0000000d--f74a52a624"),
+  CustomRoute("HYUNDAI_PALISADE_2023", "17ef028fec0ccf81/00000010--dba8455015"),
+  CustomRoute("HYUNDAI_PALISADE_2023", "6b8052042ba3ee05/00000199--3ed3fb5799"),
+  CustomRoute("KIA_EV6", "455a0ab75ce5c1e0/000000d1--098f32028c"),
+  CustomRoute("KIA_EV6", "6d2092783bf67457/0000008c--5caf525813"),
+  CustomRoute("KIA_EV6", "4961cb0f7bdd77a2/00000105--b636ed2f65"),
+  CustomRoute("KIA_K8_HEV_1ST_GEN", "78ad5150de133637|2023-09-13--16-15-57"),
+  CustomRoute("GENESIS_GV60_EV_1ST_GEN", "b1e441e63f1c99dd|0000009d--14cde5aeaf"),
+  CustomRoute("HYUNDAI_IONIQ_6", "faa815c21279fef7/00000187--ce36ae7c11"),
+  CustomRoute("HYUNDAI_IONIQ_6", "faa815c21279fef7/00000191--e5c3ffb55b"),
+  CustomRoute("HYUNDAI_KONA_2ND_GEN", "32025f26789d8fab/00000022--a499e8ffa3"),
+  CustomRoute("HYUNDAI_KONA_EV_2ND_GEN", "1618132d68afc876/00000021--bf0f957649"),
+  CustomRoute("HYUNDAI_KONA_HEV_2ND_GEN", "97ca61196eb73e0d/00000052--4555329470"),
+  CustomRoute("HYUNDAI_SANTA_FE_HEV_5TH_GEN", "d54302f1d5e7a7cc|00000656--5dae9f54a7"),
+  CustomRoute("HYUNDAI_SONATA_2024", "4267ea8a353cdb36/00000262--8a427003c7"),
+  CustomRoute("KIA_CARNIVAL_HEV_4TH_GEN_2026", "7b8cc7bb46000e53/0000000b--2abacaff78"),
+  CustomRoute("KIA_EV6_2025", "48c27f77f9fd1a9b|00000199--193ee1ba20"),
+  CustomRoute("KIA_EV9", "ccfd4a1af758ee73/00000091--7fa49719a5"),
+  CustomRoute("KIA_K4_2025", "baf39eeaba1217ca/00000002--b36e3fa031"),
+  CustomRoute("KIA_K5_2025", "c4a804b067623789/0000007c--163f831540"),
+  CustomRoute("KIA_NIRO_EV_2ND_GEN", "80b8e9a6ad0acec3/0000032d--8379197bd3"),
+  CustomRoute("KIA_NIRO_EV_2ND_GEN", "80b8e9a6ad0acec3/0000032c--0055eeee96"),
+  CustomRoute("KIA_NIRO_HEV_2ND_GEN", "0d4257d1c6741384/00000067--42230e4b8d"),
+  CustomRoute("HYUNDAI_KONA_EV_2022", "e174e1a0b92263ed/00000003--d0591c14ec"),
+  CustomRoute("HYUNDAI_KONA_EV_2022", "e174e1a0b92263ed/00000001--18955a967e"),
+  CustomRoute("KIA_CEED_PHEV", "26064e18b24ae44c/00000000--4eb95fc137"),
+  CustomRoute("HYUNDAI_IONIQ", "ac27c9808ac91710/00000002--e0aab81e4d"),
+  CustomRoute("KIA_K7_2017", "74fbff45aa20fe9e/00000010--6f173d5799"),
+  CustomRoute("KIA_NIRO_EV", "b27d9eafeb61976e/00000233--03a9c0858c"),
+  CustomRoute("KIA_CARNIVAL_4TH_GEN", "a0cb448c2ffb9383/00000157--ecaf77a801"),
+  CustomRoute("KIA_CARNIVAL_4TH_GEN", "a0cb448c2ffb9383/00000158--f7e70e1435"),
+  CustomRoute("KIA_CARNIVAL_4TH_GEN", "a0cb448c2ffb9383/00000154--3471fc4ab3"),
+  CustomRoute("KIA_SORENTO_4TH_GEN", "bf42073ef09e0af2/00000017--3edc1f8259"),
+  CustomRoute("KIA_SORENTO_HEV_4TH_GEN", "833262b0c9e4016a/0000004a--0227a058e3"),
+  CustomRoute("HYUNDAI_PALISADE", "662bedbf8453b81e/00000124--7dc358f20c"),
+  CustomRoute("HYUNDAI_SONATA", "8f52823c702cb300/00000177--177d1aa6ff"),
+  CustomRoute("HYUNDAI_SONATA_HYBRID", "e3ae9e987a2a4e57/0000002b--30a6963e88"),
+  CustomRoute("HYUNDAI_ELANTRA_HEV_2021", "7bc0de9da607c543/00000031--4cb0d8aca5"),
+  CustomRoute("HYUNDAI_ELANTRA_HEV_2021", "7bc0de9da607c543/00000042--302b371266"),
+  CustomRoute("HYUNDAI_IONIQ_HEV_2022", "4a975fc1d9e71801/00000005--50d176008a"),
+  CustomRoute("HYUNDAI_IONIQ_9", "71e4e67d29034771/00000014--25fc6b216f"),
+  CustomRoute("HYUNDAI_IONIQ_9", "71e4e67d29034771/0000000e--d3b19ad6f6/10"),
+  CustomRoute("HYUNDAI_SANTA_CRUZ_2025", "6e7904b03a4aafc2/00000010--31034184b6"),
+  CustomRoute("HYUNDAI_TUCSON_4TH_GEN", "26da1db30eff4fcc/00000061--a60470e363"),
+  CustomRoute("HYUNDAI_TUCSON_4TH_GEN", "a6d25e95d936fdc4/000002ed--89d7944c52"),
+  CustomRoute("HYUNDAI_TUCSON_4TH_GEN", "6722665fbbf2a644/00000534--4ab7b733c5"),
+  CustomRoute("HYUNDAI_TUCSON_HEV_2025", "5868ec006e2bb61e/00000021--7d10df95e8"),
+  CustomRoute("KIA_SPORTAGE_5TH_GEN", "ce05e32158479f42/000003f4--9543087719"),
+  CustomRoute("KIA_SPORTAGE_HEV_2026", "343d5e350abaedcf/00000020--1c864750b6"),
+]

tools/replay/radar_helpers.py

@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+import math
+import os
+import tempfile
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+from opendbc.can.parser import CANParser
+
+
+RADAR_500_51F_DBC_TEMPLATE = """
+BO_ {addr_dec} RADAR_TRACK_{addr_hex}: 8 RADAR
+ SG_ UNKNOWN_1 : 7|8@0- (1,0) [-128|127] "" XXX
+ SG_ AZIMUTH : 12|10@0- (0.2,0) [-102.4|102.2] "" XXX
+ SG_ STATE : 15|3@0+ (1,0) [0|7] "" XXX
+ SG_ LONG_DIST : 18|11@0+ (0.1,0) [0|204.7] "" XXX
+ SG_ REL_ACCEL : 33|10@0- (0.02,0) [-10.24|10.22] "" XXX
+ SG_ ZEROS : 37|4@0+ (1,0) [0|255] "" XXX
+ SG_ COUNTER : 38|1@0+ (1,0) [0|1] "" XXX
+ SG_ STATE_3 : 39|1@0+ (1,0) [0|1] "" XXX
+ SG_ REL_SPEED : 53|14@0- (0.01,0) [-81.92|81.92] "" XXX
+ SG_ STATE_2 : 55|2@0+ (1,0) [0|3] "" XXX
+"""
+
+RADAR_3A5_3C4_DBC_TEMPLATE = """
+BO_ {addr_dec} RADAR_TRACK_{addr_hex}: 24 RADAR
+ SG_ CHECKSUM : 0|16@1+ (1,0) [0|65535] "" XXX
+ SG_ COUNTER : 16|8@1+ (1,0) [0|255] "" XXX
+ SG_ NEW_SIGNAL_1 : 25|2@0+ (1,0) [0|3] "" XXX
+ SG_ NEW_SIGNAL_3 : 28|2@0+ (1,0) [0|3] "" XXX
+ SG_ COUNTER_3 : 31|2@0+ (1,0) [0|3] "" XXX
+ SG_ NEW_SIGNAL_2 : 38|7@0- (1,0) [0|127] "" XXX
+ SG_ COUNTER_256 : 47|8@0+ (1,0) [0|255] "" XXX
+ SG_ NEW_SIGNAL_6 : 51|4@0+ (1,0) [0|15] "" XXX
+ SG_ STATE : 54|3@0+ (1,0) [0|7] "" XXX
+ SG_ NEW_SIGNAL_8 : 62|7@0- (1,0) [0|127] "" XXX
+ SG_ LONG_DIST : 63|12@1+ (0.05,0) [0|8191] "m" XXX
+ SG_ LAT_DIST : 76|12@1- (0.05,0) [0|127] "" XXX
+ SG_ REL_SPEED : 88|14@1- (0.01,0) [0|16383] "" XXX
+ SG_ NEW_SIGNAL_4 : 103|2@0+ (1,0) [0|3] "" XXX
+ SG_ LAT_DIST_ACCEL : 104|13@1- (1,0) [0|8191] "" XXX
+ SG_ REL_ACCEL : 118|10@1- (0.02,0) [0|1023] "" XXX
+ SG_ NEW_SIGNAL_5 : 133|4@0+ (1,0) [0|15] "" XXX
+"""
+
+RADAR_210_21F_DBC_TEMPLATE = """
+BO_ {addr_dec} RADAR_TRACK_{addr_hex}: 32 RADAR
+ SG_ CHECKSUM : 0|16@1+ (1,0) [0|65535] "" XXX
+ SG_ COUNTER : 16|8@1+ (1,0) [0|255] "" XXX
+ SG_ 1_COUNTER_255 : 47|8@0+ (1,0) [0|255] "" XXX
+ SG_ 1_STATE_ALT : 51|4@0+ (1,0) [0|15] "" XXX
+ SG_ 1_STATE : 55|4@0+ (1,0) [0|15] "" XXX
+ SG_ 1_NEW_SIGNAL_3 : 63|8@0- (1,0) [0|255] "" XXX
+ SG_ 1_LONG_DIST : 64|12@1+ (0.05,0) [0|4095] "" XXX
+ SG_ 1_LAT_DIST : 76|12@1- (0.05,0) [0|4095] "" XXX
+ SG_ 1_REL_SPEED : 88|14@1- (0.01,0) [0|16383] "" XXX
+ SG_ 1_NEW_SIGNAL_1 : 102|2@1+ (1,0) [0|3] "" XXX
+ SG_ 1_LAT_ACCEL : 104|13@1- (1,0) [0|8191] "" XXX
+ SG_ 1_REL_ACCEL : 118|10@1- (1,0) [0|1023] "" XXX
+ SG_ 2_COUNTER_255 : 175|8@0+ (1,0) [0|255] "" XXX
+ SG_ 2_STATE_ALT : 179|4@0+ (1,0) [0|15] "" XXX
+ SG_ 2_STATE : 183|4@0+ (1,0) [0|15] "" XXX
+ SG_ 2_NEW_SIGNAL_3 : 191|8@0- (1,0) [0|255] "" XXX
+ SG_ 2_LONG_DIST : 192|12@1+ (0.05,0) [0|4095] "" XXX
+ SG_ 2_LAT_DIST : 204|12@1- (0.05,0) [0|4095] "" XXX
+ SG_ 2_REL_SPEED : 216|14@1- (0.01,0) [0|65535] "" XXX
+ SG_ 2_NEW_SIGNAL_1 : 230|2@1+ (1,0) [0|3] "" XXX
+ SG_ 2_LAT_ACCEL : 232|13@1- (1,0) [0|8191] "" XXX
+ SG_ 2_REL_ACCEL : 246|10@1- (1,0) [0|1023] "" XXX
+"""
+
+RADAR_602_611_DBC_TEMPLATE = """
+BO_ {addr_dec} RADAR_TRACK_{addr_hex}: 8 RADAR
+ SG_ 1_DISTANCE : 0|10@1+ (0.25,0) [0|255.75] "" XXX
+ SG_ 1_LATERAL : 10|11@1+ (0.03,-30.705) [-30.705|30.705] "" XXX
+ SG_ 1_SPEED : 21|10@1+ (0.25,-128) [-128|127.75] "" XXX
+ SG_ 2_DISTANCE : 31|10@1+ (0.25,0) [0|255.75] "" XXX
+ SG_ 2_LATERAL : 41|11@1+ (0.03,-30.705) [-30.705|30.705] "" XXX
+ SG_ 2_SPEED : 52|10@1+ (0.25,-128) [-128|127.75] "" XXX
+ SG_ COUNTER : 62|2@1+ (1,0) [0|3] "" XXX
+"""
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class RadarSpec:
+  name: str
+  start_addr: int
+  msg_count: int
+  dbc_template: str
+  track_prefixes: tuple[str, ...]
+
+  @property
+  def end_addr(self) -> int:
+    return self.start_addr + self.msg_count - 1
+
+  def contains(self, address: int) -> bool:
+    return self.start_addr <= address <= self.end_addr
+
+
+RADAR_SPECS = (
+  RadarSpec("RADAR_500_51F", 0x500, 32, RADAR_500_51F_DBC_TEMPLATE, ("",)),
+  RadarSpec("RADAR_210_21F", 0x210, 16, RADAR_210_21F_DBC_TEMPLATE, ("1_", "2_")),
+  RadarSpec("RADAR_3A5_3C4", 0x3A5, 32, RADAR_3A5_3C4_DBC_TEMPLATE, ("",)),
+  RadarSpec("RADAR_602_611", 0x602, 16, RADAR_602_611_DBC_TEMPLATE, ("1_", "2_")),
+)
+
+
+def build_seen_address_map() -> dict[str, set[int]]:
+  return {radar_spec.name: set() for radar_spec in RADAR_SPECS}
+
+
+def get_radar_spec(address: int) -> RadarSpec | None:
+  for radar_spec in RADAR_SPECS:
+    if radar_spec.contains(address):
+      return radar_spec
+  return None
+
+
+def is_exclusive_full_range_match(radar_spec: RadarSpec, seen_addresses: dict[str, set[int]]) -> bool:
+  expected_addresses = set(range(radar_spec.start_addr, radar_spec.end_addr + 1))
+  if seen_addresses[radar_spec.name] != expected_addresses:
+    return False
+
+  for other_spec in RADAR_SPECS:
+    if other_spec.name == radar_spec.name:
+      continue
+
+    other_expected_addresses = set(range(other_spec.start_addr, other_spec.end_addr + 1))
+    if seen_addresses[other_spec.name] == other_expected_addresses:
+      return False
+
+  return True
+
+
+def get_radar_dbc_path(radar_spec: RadarSpec) -> str:
+  dbc_path = os.path.join(tempfile.gettempdir(), f"{radar_spec.name.lower()}_radar_ui.dbc")
+  dbc_content = "\n".join(
+    radar_spec.dbc_template.format(addr_dec=addr, addr_hex=f"{addr:x}")
+    for addr in range(radar_spec.start_addr, radar_spec.end_addr + 1)
+  )
+  if not os.path.exists(dbc_path) or open(dbc_path).read() != dbc_content:
+    with open(dbc_path, "w") as f:
+      f.write(dbc_content)
+  return dbc_path
+
+
+def get_radar_can_parser(radar_spec: RadarSpec, bus: int) -> CANParser:
+  messages = [(f"RADAR_TRACK_{addr:x}", 50) for addr in range(radar_spec.start_addr, radar_spec.end_addr + 1)]
+  return CANParser(get_radar_dbc_path(radar_spec), messages, bus)
+
+
+def get_track_storage_key(radar_spec: RadarSpec, bus: int, addr: int, track_prefix: str) -> tuple[str, int, int]:
+  if radar_spec.name in ("RADAR_500_51F", "RADAR_3A5_3C4"):
+    return (radar_spec.name, bus, addr)
+
+  track_index = int(track_prefix[0]) - 1
+  return (radar_spec.name, bus, addr * 2 + track_index)
+
+
+def get_track_ts_nanos(parser: CANParser, msg_name: str, radar_spec: RadarSpec, track_prefix: str) -> int:
+  if radar_spec.name == "RADAR_602_611":
+    return parser.ts_nanos[msg_name][f"{track_prefix}DISTANCE"]
+  if radar_spec.name == "RADAR_210_21F":
+    return parser.ts_nanos[msg_name][f"{track_prefix}LONG_DIST"]
+  return parser.ts_nanos[msg_name]["LONG_DIST"]
+
+
+def decode_radar_track(radar_spec: RadarSpec, track_msg, track_prefix: str) -> tuple[float, float, float, float]:
+  if radar_spec.name == "RADAR_602_611":
+    return (
+      track_msg[f"{track_prefix}DISTANCE"],
+      track_msg[f"{track_prefix}LATERAL"],
+      track_msg[f"{track_prefix}SPEED"],
+      float("nan"),
+    )
+
+  if radar_spec.name == "RADAR_210_21F":
+    return (
+      track_msg[f"{track_prefix}LONG_DIST"],
+      track_msg[f"{track_prefix}LAT_DIST"],
+      track_msg[f"{track_prefix}REL_SPEED"],
+      float("nan"),
+    )
+
+  if radar_spec.name == "RADAR_500_51F":
+    azimuth = math.radians(track_msg["AZIMUTH"])
+    long_dist = track_msg["LONG_DIST"]
+    return (
+      math.cos(azimuth) * long_dist,
+      0.5 * -math.sin(azimuth) * long_dist,
+      track_msg["REL_SPEED"],
+      track_msg["REL_ACCEL"],
+    )
+
+  return (
+    track_msg["LONG_DIST"],
+    track_msg["LAT_DIST"],
+    track_msg["REL_SPEED"],
+    track_msg["REL_ACCEL"],
+  )
+
+
+def is_radar_track_valid(radar_spec: RadarSpec, track_msg, track_prefix: str) -> bool:
+  if radar_spec.name == "RADAR_602_611":
+    return track_msg[f"{track_prefix}DISTANCE"] != 255.75
+
+  if radar_spec.name == "RADAR_210_21F":
+    return track_msg[f"{track_prefix}STATE"] in (3, 4)
+
+  return track_msg["STATE"] in (3, 4)

tools/replay/ui_radar.py

@@ -0,0 +1,912 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+import argparse
+import os
+import signal
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import time
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+import cv2
+import numpy as np
+import pyray as rl
+
+import cereal.messaging as messaging
+from opendbc.car.tests.routes import routes
+from openpilot.common.basedir import BASEDIR
+from openpilot.common.transformations.camera import DEVICE_CAMERAS
+from openpilot.tools.replay.custom_routes import CUSTOM_ROUTES
+from openpilot.tools.replay.lib.ui_helpers import (
+  UP,
+  BLACK,
+  GREEN,
+  Calibration,
+  get_blank_lid_overlay,
+  init_plots,
+  plot_lead,
+  plot_model,
+  to_topdown_pt,
+)
+from openpilot.tools.replay.radar_helpers import (
+  RADAR_SPECS,
+  build_seen_address_map,
+  decode_radar_track,
+  get_radar_can_parser,
+  get_radar_spec,
+  get_track_storage_key,
+  get_track_ts_nanos,
+  is_exclusive_full_range_match,
+  is_radar_track_valid,
+)
+from openpilot.selfdrive.controls.radard import RADAR_TO_CAMERA
+from msgq.visionipc import VisionIpcClient, VisionStreamType
+
+os.environ['BASEDIR'] = BASEDIR
+
+ANGLE_SCALE = 5.0
+RADAR_TRACK_TIMEOUT_FRAMES = 10
+RADAR_FORMAT_SWITCH_MISS_FRAMES = 30
+RADAR_TRACK_RADIUS = 4
+CAMERA_RADAR_Y_OFFSET = 25
+RADAR_HEATMAP_DECAY = 0.975
+RADAR_HEATMAP_ALPHA = 0.65
+CAMERA_RADAR_HEATMAP_ALPHA = 0.45
+REPLAY_PATH = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "replay")
+REPLAY_SOCKET_WAIT_TIMEOUT_SECONDS = 10.0
+REPLAY_SPEEDS = (0.2, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0)
+CAMERA_DRAW_WIDTH = 640
+CAMERA_DRAW_HEIGHT = 480
+TOP_DOWN_DRAW_WIDTH = 384
+PLOT_DRAW_WIDTH = 480
+PLOT_DRAW_HEIGHT = 480
+RADAR_HEATMAP_MODES = ("OFF", "TOP", "CAMERA", "BOTH")
+CYAN = (90, 235, 255)
+AMBER = (255, 210, 90)
+SOFT_WHITE = (235, 235, 235)
+SLATE = (140, 180, 210)
+
+
+@dataclass
+class RadarTrackPoint:
+  trackId: int
+  measured: bool = True
+  dRel: float = 0.0
+  yRel: float = 0.0
+  vRel: float = 0.0
+  aRel: float = 0.0
+  yvRel: float = float("nan")
+
+
+def draw_radar_points(tracks, lid_overlay):
+  for track in tracks:
+    px, py = to_topdown_pt(track.dRel, -track.yRel)
+    if px != -1:
+      cv2.circle(lid_overlay, (py, px), RADAR_TRACK_RADIUS, 255, thickness=-1, lineType=cv2.LINE_AA)
+
+
+def update_radar_heatmap(tracks, radar_heatmap):
+  radar_heatmap *= RADAR_HEATMAP_DECAY
+  for track in tracks:
+    px, py = to_topdown_pt(track.dRel, -track.yRel)
+    if px != -1:
+      cv2.circle(radar_heatmap, (py, px), RADAR_TRACK_RADIUS + 2, 255.0, thickness=-1, lineType=cv2.LINE_AA)
+
+
+def update_radar_camera_heatmap(tracks, radar_heatmap, calibration, shape):
+  radar_heatmap *= RADAR_HEATMAP_DECAY
+  if calibration is None:
+    return
+
+  height, width = shape[:2]
+  for track in tracks:
+    if track.dRel <= 0.0:
+      continue
+
+    pt = calibration.car_space_to_bb(
+      np.asarray([track.dRel - RADAR_TO_CAMERA]),
+      np.asarray([-track.yRel]),
+      np.asarray([1.0]),
+    )
+    x, y = np.round(pt[0]).astype(int)
+    y += CAMERA_RADAR_Y_OFFSET
+    if 0 <= x < width and 0 <= y < height:
+      cv2.circle(radar_heatmap, (x, y), RADAR_TRACK_RADIUS + 3, 255.0, thickness=-1, lineType=cv2.LINE_AA)
+
+
+def overlay_heatmap(img, radar_heatmap, alpha_scale):
+  radar_heat_uint8 = np.ascontiguousarray(np.clip(radar_heatmap, 0, 255).astype(np.uint8))
+  radar_heat_mask = radar_heat_uint8 > 0
+  if not np.any(radar_heat_mask):
+    return
+
+  heat_rgb = cv2.cvtColor(cv2.applyColorMap(radar_heat_uint8, cv2.COLORMAP_TURBO), cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB).astype(np.float32)
+  img_rgb = img.astype(np.float32)
+  alpha = ((radar_heat_uint8.astype(np.float32) / 255.0) * alpha_scale)[..., None]
+  img[:] = np.where(
+    radar_heat_mask[..., None],
+    np.clip(img_rgb * (1.0 - alpha) + heat_rgb * alpha, 0, 255).astype(np.uint8),
+    img,
+  )
+
+
+def draw_radar_points_camera(tracks, img, calibration):
+  if calibration is None:
+    return
+
+  for track in tracks:
+    if track.dRel <= 0.0:
+      continue
+
+    # Match the road-space projection convention used by other UI overlays.
+    pt = calibration.car_space_to_bb(
+      np.asarray([track.dRel - RADAR_TO_CAMERA]),
+      np.asarray([-track.yRel]),
+      np.asarray([1.0]),
+    )
+    x, y = np.round(pt[0]).astype(int)
+    y += CAMERA_RADAR_Y_OFFSET
+    if 0 <= x < img.shape[1] and 0 <= y < img.shape[0]:
+      cv2.circle(img, (x, y), RADAR_TRACK_RADIUS, (255, 255, 255), thickness=-1, lineType=cv2.LINE_AA)
+
+
+def draw_loading_overlay(font, lines, camera_texture, top_down_texture, hor_mode, panel_x, panel_y):
+  rl.draw_texture_pro(
+    camera_texture,
+    rl.Rectangle(0, 0, camera_texture.width, camera_texture.height),
+    rl.Rectangle(0, 0, CAMERA_DRAW_WIDTH, CAMERA_DRAW_HEIGHT),
+    rl.Vector2(0, 0),
+    0.0,
+    rl.WHITE,
+  )
+  rl.draw_texture(top_down_texture, CAMERA_DRAW_WIDTH, 0, rl.WHITE)  # noqa: TID251
+
+  if hor_mode:
+    panel_width = 620
+    panel_height = 300
+  else:
+    panel_width = 700
+    panel_height = 320
+
+  rl.draw_rectangle(panel_x - 20, panel_y - 30, panel_width, panel_height, rl.Color(0, 0, 0, 140))
+  rl.draw_rectangle_lines(panel_x - 20, panel_y - 30, panel_width, panel_height, rl.Color(255, 255, 255, 90))
+
+  for i, line in enumerate(lines):
+    if line:
+      rl.draw_text_ex(font, line, rl.Vector2(panel_x, panel_y + i * 40), 28 if i == 0 else 20, 0, rl.WHITE)
+
+
+def start_replay(route: str, prefix: str, playback: str, data_dir: str | None, start_seconds: int) -> subprocess.Popen:
+  cmd = [
+    REPLAY_PATH,
+    "--playback", playback,
+    "--prefix", prefix,
+  ]
+  if start_seconds > 0:
+    cmd.extend(["--start", str(start_seconds)])
+  if data_dir:
+    cmd.extend(["--data_dir", data_dir])
+  cmd.append(route)
+
+  env = os.environ.copy()
+  env["OPENPILOT_PREFIX"] = prefix
+  return subprocess.Popen(
+    cmd,
+    cwd=os.path.dirname(REPLAY_PATH),
+    env=env,
+    stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+    stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+    preexec_fn=os.setsid if os.name != "nt" else None,
+  )
+
+
+def stop_replay(proc: subprocess.Popen | None) -> None:
+  if proc is not None and proc.poll() is None:
+    if os.name != "nt":
+      try:
+        os.killpg(proc.pid, signal.SIGTERM)
+      except ProcessLookupError:
+        pass
+    else:
+      proc.terminate()
+
+    try:
+      proc.wait(timeout=5)
+    except subprocess.TimeoutExpired:
+      if os.name != "nt":
+        try:
+          os.killpg(proc.pid, signal.SIGKILL)
+        except ProcessLookupError:
+          pass
+      else:
+        proc.kill()
+      proc.wait(timeout=5)
+
+  # `replay` can leave helper processes like `replayd` behind, so do one
+  # targeted cleanup pass on shutdown as well.
+  for pattern in ("/tools/replay/replay", "replayd"):
+    try:
+      subprocess.run(
+        ["pkill", "-f", pattern],
+        stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+        stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+        check=False,
+      )
+    except FileNotFoundError:
+      pass
+
+
+def wait_for_can_socket(prefix: str, timeout: float) -> None:
+  socket_path = os.path.join("/tmp", f"msgq_{prefix}", "can")
+  started = time.monotonic()
+  while not os.path.exists(socket_path):
+    if time.monotonic() - started > timeout:
+      raise TimeoutError(f"Timed out waiting for CAN socket at {socket_path}")
+    time.sleep(0.1)
+
+
+def get_hkg_routes() -> list[tuple[str, str]]:
+  hkg_prefixes = ("HYUNDAI_", "KIA_", "GENESIS_")
+  return [
+    (route.route, getattr(route.car_model, "name", str(route.car_model)))
+    for route in routes
+    if route.car_model is not None and getattr(route.car_model, "name", str(route.car_model)).startswith(hkg_prefixes)
+  ]
+
+
+def get_custom_routes() -> list[tuple[str, str]]:
+  return [(route.route, route.car_model) for route in CUSTOM_ROUTES]
+
+
+def make_submaster(addr):
+  return messaging.SubMaster(
+    [
+      'carState',
+      'longitudinalPlan',
+      'carControl',
+      'radarState',
+      'liveCalibration',
+      'controlsState',
+      'selfdriveState',
+      'liveTracks',
+      'modelV2',
+      'liveParameters',
+      'roadCameraState',
+    ],
+    addr=addr,
+  )
+
+
+def reset_radar_state():
+  return (
+    0,
+    None,
+    0,
+    {radar_spec.name: 0 for radar_spec in RADAR_SPECS},
+    build_seen_address_map(),
+    {},
+    0,
+    {},
+    {},
+    {},
+  )
+
+
+def ui_thread(addr, route_entries=None, playback="1.0", data_dir=None, prefix="ui-replay", start_route_idx=0):
+  cv2.setNumThreads(1)
+
+  # Get monitor info before creating window
+  rl.set_config_flags(rl.ConfigFlags.FLAG_MSAA_4X_HINT)
+  rl.init_window(1, 1, "")
+  max_height = rl.get_monitor_height(0)
+  rl.close_window()
+
+  hor_mode = os.getenv("HORIZONTAL") is not None
+  hor_mode = True if max_height < 960 + 300 else hor_mode
+
+  if hor_mode:
+    size = (CAMERA_DRAW_WIDTH + TOP_DOWN_DRAW_WIDTH + PLOT_DRAW_WIDTH, 960)
+    write_x = 5
+    write_y = 480
+  else:
+    size = (CAMERA_DRAW_WIDTH + TOP_DOWN_DRAW_WIDTH, 960 + 300)
+    write_x = CAMERA_DRAW_WIDTH + 5
+    write_y = 970
+
+  rl.set_trace_log_level(rl.TraceLogLevel.LOG_ERROR)
+  rl.set_config_flags(rl.ConfigFlags.FLAG_MSAA_4X_HINT)
+  rl.init_window(size[0], size[1], "openpilot debug UI")
+  rl.set_target_fps(60)
+
+  # Load font
+  font_path = os.path.join(BASEDIR, "selfdrive/assets/fonts/JetBrainsMono-Medium.ttf")
+  font = rl.load_font_ex(font_path, 32, None, 0)
+
+  # Create textures for camera and top-down view
+  camera_image = rl.gen_image_color(640, 480, rl.BLACK)
+  camera_texture = rl.load_texture_from_image(camera_image)
+  rl.unload_image(camera_image)
+
+  # lid_overlay array is (lidar_x, lidar_y) = (384, 960)
+  # pygame treats first axis as width, so texture is 384 wide x 960 tall
+  # For raylib, we need to transpose to get (height, width) = (960, 384) for the RGBA array
+  top_down_image = rl.gen_image_color(UP.lidar_x, UP.lidar_y, rl.BLACK)
+  top_down_texture = rl.load_texture_from_image(top_down_image)
+  rl.unload_image(top_down_image)
+
+  current_route_idx = start_route_idx
+  current_route_name = None
+  current_route_model = None
+  replay_proc = None
+  current_start_seconds = 0
+  paused = False
+  state_checks_enabled = False
+  radar_heatmap_mode_idx = 0
+  current_playback = min(REPLAY_SPEEDS, key=lambda speed: abs(speed - float(playback)))
+  last_replay_started_at = time.monotonic()
+  playback_ready = False
+  loading_status = "Initializing UI"
+
+  def current_offset_seconds() -> int:
+    if paused or not playback_ready or replay_proc is None or replay_proc.poll() is not None:
+      return current_start_seconds
+    return max(0, int(current_start_seconds + (time.monotonic() - last_replay_started_at) * current_playback))
+
+  def connect_streams():
+    nonlocal replay_proc, current_route_name, current_route_model, current_route_idx, current_start_seconds, loading_status, paused, \
+             last_replay_started_at, current_playback, playback_ready
+
+    if route_entries:
+      current_route_name, current_route_model = route_entries[current_route_idx]
+      loading_status = f"Starting replay for route {current_route_idx + 1}/{len(route_entries)} at {current_start_seconds}s ({current_playback:.1f}x)"
+      stop_replay(replay_proc)
+      os.environ["OPENPILOT_PREFIX"] = prefix
+      messaging.reset_context()
+      replay_proc = start_replay(current_route_name, prefix, f"{current_playback:.1f}", data_dir, current_start_seconds)
+      paused = False
+      playback_ready = False
+      loading_status = "Waiting for CAN socket"
+      wait_for_can_socket(prefix, REPLAY_SOCKET_WAIT_TIMEOUT_SECONDS)
+
+    loading_status = "Connecting to messaging streams"
+    sm_local = make_submaster(addr)
+    logcan_local = messaging.sub_sock("can", addr=addr, conflate=False, timeout=100)
+    loading_status = "Waiting for road camera frames"
+    return sm_local, logcan_local
+
+  sm, logcan = connect_streams()
+
+  img = np.zeros((480, 640, 3), dtype='uint8')
+  imgff = None
+  num_px = 0
+  calibration = None
+  (can_range_msg_count,
+   active_radar_format_name,
+   active_radar_format_miss_count,
+   radar_format_total_counts,
+   radar_format_seen_addresses,
+   radar_track_ids,
+   next_radar_track_id,
+   radar_tracks,
+   radar_track_last_seen,
+   radar_parsers) = reset_radar_state()
+
+  lid_overlay_blank = get_blank_lid_overlay(UP)
+  radar_heatmap = np.zeros_like(lid_overlay_blank, dtype=np.float32)
+  camera_radar_heatmap = np.zeros(img.shape[:2], dtype=np.float32)
+
+  # plots
+  name_to_arr_idx = {
+    "gas": 0,
+    "computer_gas": 1,
+    "user_brake": 2,
+    "computer_brake": 3,
+    "v_ego": 4,
+    "v_pid": 5,
+    "angle_steers_des": 6,
+    "angle_steers": 7,
+    "angle_steers_k": 8,
+    "steer_torque": 9,
+    "v_override": 10,
+    "v_cruise": 11,
+    "a_ego": 12,
+    "a_target": 13,
+  }
+
+  plot_arr = np.zeros((100, len(name_to_arr_idx.values())))
+
+  plot_xlims = [(0, plot_arr.shape[0]), (0, plot_arr.shape[0]), (0, plot_arr.shape[0]), (0, plot_arr.shape[0])]
+  plot_ylims = [(-0.1, 1.1), (-ANGLE_SCALE, ANGLE_SCALE), (0.0, 75.0), (-3.0, 2.0)]
+  plot_names = [
+    ["gas", "computer_gas", "user_brake", "computer_brake"],
+    ["angle_steers", "angle_steers_des", "angle_steers_k", "steer_torque"],
+    ["v_ego", "v_override", "v_pid", "v_cruise"],
+    ["a_ego", "a_target"],
+  ]
+  plot_colors = [["b", "b", "g", "r", "y"], ["b", "g", "y", "r"], ["b", "g", "r", "y"], ["b", "r"]]
+  plot_styles = [["-", "-", "-", "-", "-"], ["-", "-", "-", "-"], ["-", "-", "-", "-"], ["-", "-"]]
+
+  draw_plots = init_plots(plot_arr, name_to_arr_idx, plot_xlims, plot_ylims, plot_names, plot_colors, plot_styles)
+
+  # Palette for converting lid_overlay grayscale indices to RGBA colors
+  palette = np.zeros((256, 4), dtype=np.uint8)
+  palette[:, 3] = 255  # alpha
+  palette[1] = [255, 0, 0, 255]  # RED
+  palette[2] = [0, 255, 0, 255]  # GREEN
+  palette[3] = [0, 0, 255, 255]  # BLUE
+  palette[4] = [255, 255, 0, 255]  # YELLOW
+  palette[110] = [110, 110, 110, 255]  # car_color (gray)
+  palette[255] = [255, 255, 255, 255]  # WHITE
+
+  vipc_client = VisionIpcClient("camerad", VisionStreamType.VISION_STREAM_ROAD, True)
+  while not rl.window_should_close():
+    # ***** frame *****
+    if not vipc_client.is_connected():
+      vipc_client.connect(False)
+
+    rl.begin_drawing()
+    rl.clear_background(rl.Color(64, 64, 64, 255))
+
+    if rl.is_key_released(rl.KeyboardKey.KEY_Q):
+      rl.end_drawing()
+      stop_replay(replay_proc)
+      replay_proc = None
+      break
+
+    shift_down = rl.is_key_down(rl.KeyboardKey.KEY_LEFT_SHIFT) or rl.is_key_down(rl.KeyboardKey.KEY_RIGHT_SHIFT)
+
+    if route_entries and rl.is_key_released(rl.KeyboardKey.KEY_SPACE):
+      if paused:
+        sm, logcan = connect_streams()
+        vipc_client = VisionIpcClient("camerad", VisionStreamType.VISION_STREAM_ROAD, True)
+      else:
+        current_start_seconds = current_offset_seconds()
+        paused = True
+        loading_status = "Paused"
+        stop_replay(replay_proc)
+        replay_proc = None
+
+    if route_entries and rl.is_key_released(rl.KeyboardKey.KEY_RIGHT):
+      current_route_idx = (current_route_idx + 1) % len(route_entries)
+      current_start_seconds = 0
+      paused = False
+      (can_range_msg_count,
+       active_radar_format_name,
+       active_radar_format_miss_count,
+       radar_format_total_counts,
+       radar_format_seen_addresses,
+       radar_track_ids,
+       next_radar_track_id,
+       radar_tracks,
+       radar_track_last_seen,
+       radar_parsers) = reset_radar_state()
+      radar_heatmap.fill(0)
+      camera_radar_heatmap.fill(0)
+      sm, logcan = connect_streams()
+      vipc_client = VisionIpcClient("camerad", VisionStreamType.VISION_STREAM_ROAD, True)
+
+    if route_entries and rl.is_key_released(rl.KeyboardKey.KEY_LEFT):
+      current_route_idx = (current_route_idx - 1) % len(route_entries)
+      current_start_seconds = 0
+      paused = False
+      (can_range_msg_count,
+       active_radar_format_name,
+       active_radar_format_miss_count,
+       radar_format_total_counts,
+       radar_format_seen_addresses,
+       radar_track_ids,
+       next_radar_track_id,
+       radar_tracks,
+       radar_track_last_seen,
+       radar_parsers) = reset_radar_state()
+      radar_heatmap.fill(0)
+      camera_radar_heatmap.fill(0)
+      sm, logcan = connect_streams()
+      vipc_client = VisionIpcClient("camerad", VisionStreamType.VISION_STREAM_ROAD, True)
+
+    if route_entries and rl.is_key_released(rl.KeyboardKey.KEY_M):
+      current_start_seconds = max(0, current_offset_seconds() + (-60 if shift_down else 60))
+      paused = False
+      (can_range_msg_count,
+       active_radar_format_name,
+       active_radar_format_miss_count,
+       radar_format_total_counts,
+       radar_format_seen_addresses,
+       radar_track_ids,
+       next_radar_track_id,
+       radar_tracks,
+       radar_track_last_seen,
+       radar_parsers) = reset_radar_state()
+      radar_heatmap.fill(0)
+      camera_radar_heatmap.fill(0)
+      sm, logcan = connect_streams()
+      vipc_client = VisionIpcClient("camerad", VisionStreamType.VISION_STREAM_ROAD, True)
+
+    if route_entries and rl.is_key_released(rl.KeyboardKey.KEY_S):
+      current_start_seconds = max(0, current_offset_seconds() + (-10 if shift_down else 10))
+      paused = False
+      (can_range_msg_count,
+       active_radar_format_name,
+       active_radar_format_miss_count,
+       radar_format_total_counts,
+       radar_format_seen_addresses,
+       radar_track_ids,
+       next_radar_track_id,
+       radar_tracks,
+       radar_track_last_seen,
+       radar_parsers) = reset_radar_state()
+      sm, logcan = connect_streams()
+      vipc_client = VisionIpcClient("camerad", VisionStreamType.VISION_STREAM_ROAD, True)
+
+    if route_entries and (rl.is_key_released(rl.KeyboardKey.KEY_EQUAL) or rl.is_key_released(rl.KeyboardKey.KEY_KP_ADD)):
+      for speed in REPLAY_SPEEDS:
+        if speed > current_playback:
+          current_playback = speed
+          break
+      if not paused:
+        current_start_seconds = current_offset_seconds()
+        (can_range_msg_count,
+         active_radar_format_name,
+         active_radar_format_miss_count,
+         radar_format_total_counts,
+         radar_format_seen_addresses,
+         radar_track_ids,
+         next_radar_track_id,
+         radar_tracks,
+         radar_track_last_seen,
+         radar_parsers) = reset_radar_state()
+        radar_heatmap.fill(0)
+        camera_radar_heatmap.fill(0)
+        sm, logcan = connect_streams()
+        vipc_client = VisionIpcClient("camerad", VisionStreamType.VISION_STREAM_ROAD, True)
+
+    if route_entries and (rl.is_key_released(rl.KeyboardKey.KEY_MINUS) or rl.is_key_released(rl.KeyboardKey.KEY_KP_SUBTRACT)):
+      for speed in reversed(REPLAY_SPEEDS):
+        if speed < current_playback:
+          current_playback = speed
+          break
+      if not paused:
+        current_start_seconds = current_offset_seconds()
+        (can_range_msg_count,
+         active_radar_format_name,
+         active_radar_format_miss_count,
+         radar_format_total_counts,
+         radar_format_seen_addresses,
+         radar_track_ids,
+         next_radar_track_id,
+         radar_tracks,
+         radar_track_last_seen,
+         radar_parsers) = reset_radar_state()
+        radar_heatmap.fill(0)
+        camera_radar_heatmap.fill(0)
+        sm, logcan = connect_streams()
+        vipc_client = VisionIpcClient("camerad", VisionStreamType.VISION_STREAM_ROAD, True)
+
+    if rl.is_key_released(rl.KeyboardKey.KEY_C):
+      state_checks_enabled = not state_checks_enabled
+
+    if rl.is_key_released(rl.KeyboardKey.KEY_H):
+      radar_heatmap_mode_idx = (radar_heatmap_mode_idx + 1) % len(RADAR_HEATMAP_MODES)
+      if RADAR_HEATMAP_MODES[radar_heatmap_mode_idx] == "OFF":
+        radar_heatmap.fill(0)
+        camera_radar_heatmap.fill(0)
+
+    yuv_img_raw = vipc_client.recv()
+    if yuv_img_raw is None or not yuv_img_raw.data.any():
+      if replay_proc is not None and replay_proc.poll() is not None:
+        loading_status = f"Replay exited with code {replay_proc.poll()}"
+
+      loading_lines = [
+        f"{loading_status}{' (paused)' if paused else ''}",
+        f"Route {current_route_idx + 1}/{len(route_entries)}" if route_entries else "Connected to external replay",
+        f"Platform: {current_route_model}" if current_route_model is not None else "",
+        f"Route: {current_route_name}" if current_route_name is not None else "",
+        f"Offset: {current_offset_seconds()}s" if route_entries else "",
+        f"Playback: {current_playback:.1f}x" if route_entries else "",
+        f"Radar state checks: {'ON' if state_checks_enabled else 'OFF'}",
+        f"Radar heatmap: {RADAR_HEATMAP_MODES[radar_heatmap_mode_idx]}",
+        "Keys: SPACE play/pause, RIGHT next, LEFT prev, M +/-60s, S +/-10s, +/- speed, C checks, H heatmap, Q quit" \
+        if route_entries else "Keys: C checks, H heatmap, Q quit",
+      ]
+      draw_loading_overlay(font, loading_lines, camera_texture, top_down_texture, hor_mode, 80, 160)
+      rl.end_drawing()
+      continue
+
+    if not playback_ready:
+      playback_ready = True
+      last_replay_started_at = time.monotonic()
+    loading_status = "Streaming"
+
+    lid_overlay = lid_overlay_blank.copy()
+    top_down = top_down_texture, lid_overlay
+
+    sm.update(0)
+
+    camera = DEVICE_CAMERAS[("tici", str(sm['roadCameraState'].sensor))]
+
+    # Use received buffer dimensions (full HEVC can have stride != buffer_len/rows due to VENUS padding)
+    h, w, stride = yuv_img_raw.height, yuv_img_raw.width, yuv_img_raw.stride
+    nv12_size = h * 3 // 2 * stride
+    imgff = np.frombuffer(yuv_img_raw.data, dtype=np.uint8, count=nv12_size).reshape((h * 3 // 2, stride))
+    num_px = w * h
+    rgb = cv2.cvtColor(imgff[: h * 3 // 2, : w], cv2.COLOR_YUV2RGB_NV12)
+
+    qcam = "QCAM" in os.environ
+    bb_scale = 0.825 if qcam else 0.8
+    calib_scale = camera.fcam.width / 640.0
+    zoom_matrix = np.asarray([[bb_scale, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, bb_scale, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 1.0]])
+    cv2.warpAffine(rgb, zoom_matrix[:2], (img.shape[1], img.shape[0]), dst=img, flags=cv2.WARP_INVERSE_MAP)
+
+    intrinsic_matrix = camera.fcam.intrinsics
+
+    w = sm['controlsState'].lateralControlState.which()
+    if w == 'lqrStateDEPRECATED':
+      angle_steers_k = sm['controlsState'].lateralControlState.lqrStateDEPRECATED.steeringAngleDeg
+    elif w == 'indiState':
+      angle_steers_k = sm['controlsState'].lateralControlState.indiState.steeringAngleDeg
+    else:
+      angle_steers_k = np.inf
+
+    plot_arr[:-1] = plot_arr[1:]
+    plot_arr[-1, name_to_arr_idx['angle_steers']] = sm['carState'].steeringAngleDeg
+    plot_arr[-1, name_to_arr_idx['angle_steers_des']] = sm['carControl'].actuators.steeringAngleDeg
+    plot_arr[-1, name_to_arr_idx['angle_steers_k']] = angle_steers_k
+    plot_arr[-1, name_to_arr_idx['gas']] = sm['carState'].gasDEPRECATED
+    # TODO gas is deprecated
+    plot_arr[-1, name_to_arr_idx['computer_gas']] = np.clip(sm['carControl'].actuators.accel / 4.0, 0.0, 1.0)
+    plot_arr[-1, name_to_arr_idx['user_brake']] = sm['carState'].brake
+    plot_arr[-1, name_to_arr_idx['steer_torque']] = sm['carControl'].actuators.torque * ANGLE_SCALE
+    # TODO brake is deprecated
+    plot_arr[-1, name_to_arr_idx['computer_brake']] = np.clip(-sm['carControl'].actuators.accel / 4.0, 0.0, 1.0)
+    plot_arr[-1, name_to_arr_idx['v_ego']] = sm['carState'].vEgo
+    plot_arr[-1, name_to_arr_idx['v_cruise']] = sm['carState'].cruiseState.speed
+    plot_arr[-1, name_to_arr_idx['a_ego']] = sm['carState'].aEgo
+
+    if len(sm['longitudinalPlan'].accels):
+      plot_arr[-1, name_to_arr_idx['a_target']] = sm['longitudinalPlan'].accels[0]
+
+    if sm.recv_frame['modelV2']:
+      plot_model(sm['modelV2'], img, calibration, top_down)
+
+    if sm.recv_frame['radarState']:
+      plot_lead(sm['radarState'], top_down)
+
+    if sm.updated['liveCalibration'] and num_px:
+      rpyCalib = np.asarray(sm['liveCalibration'].rpyCalib)
+      calibration = Calibration(num_px, rpyCalib, intrinsic_matrix, calib_scale)
+
+    can_packets = messaging.drain_sock(logcan)
+    if can_packets:
+      can_strings = [
+        (can_packet.logMonoTime, [(msg.address, msg.dat, msg.src) for msg in can_packet.can])
+        for can_packet in can_packets
+      ]
+      detected_format_counts = {radar_spec.name: 0 for radar_spec in RADAR_SPECS}
+
+      for can_packet in can_packets:
+        for msg in can_packet.can:
+          radar_spec = get_radar_spec(msg.address)
+          if radar_spec is not None:
+            can_range_msg_count += 1
+            detected_format_counts[radar_spec.name] += 1
+            radar_format_total_counts[radar_spec.name] += 1
+            radar_format_seen_addresses[radar_spec.name].add(msg.address)
+            if radar_spec.name not in radar_parsers:
+              radar_parsers[radar_spec.name] = {}
+            if msg.src not in radar_parsers[radar_spec.name]:
+              radar_parsers[radar_spec.name][msg.src] = get_radar_can_parser(radar_spec, msg.src)
+
+      matching_formats = [
+        radar_spec.name
+        for radar_spec in RADAR_SPECS
+        if is_exclusive_full_range_match(radar_spec, radar_format_seen_addresses)
+      ]
+      if len(matching_formats) == 1:
+        if active_radar_format_name == matching_formats[0]:
+          active_radar_format_miss_count = 0
+        elif active_radar_format_name is None:
+          active_radar_format_name = matching_formats[0]
+          active_radar_format_miss_count = 0
+        else:
+          active_radar_format_miss_count += 1
+          if active_radar_format_miss_count >= RADAR_FORMAT_SWITCH_MISS_FRAMES:
+            active_radar_format_name = matching_formats[0]
+            active_radar_format_miss_count = 0
+      elif len(matching_formats) == 0 and active_radar_format_name is not None:
+        active_radar_format_miss_count += 1
+        if active_radar_format_miss_count >= RADAR_FORMAT_SWITCH_MISS_FRAMES:
+          active_radar_format_name = None
+          active_radar_format_miss_count = 0
+
+      active_radar_spec = next((spec for spec in RADAR_SPECS if spec.name == active_radar_format_name), None)
+      if active_radar_spec is not None:
+        for bus, parser in radar_parsers.get(active_radar_spec.name, {}).items():
+          updated_addrs = parser.update(can_strings)
+          relevant_updated_addrs = {
+            track_addr for track_addr in updated_addrs
+            if active_radar_spec.start_addr <= track_addr <= active_radar_spec.end_addr
+          }
+          if not relevant_updated_addrs:
+            continue
+
+          for track_addr in relevant_updated_addrs:
+            msg_name = f"RADAR_TRACK_{track_addr:x}"
+            track_msg = parser.vl[msg_name]
+            for track_prefix in active_radar_spec.track_prefixes:
+              track_key = get_track_storage_key(active_radar_spec, bus, track_addr, track_prefix)
+              ts_nanos = get_track_ts_nanos(parser, msg_name, active_radar_spec, track_prefix)
+              if ts_nanos == 0:
+                continue
+
+              if state_checks_enabled and not is_radar_track_valid(active_radar_spec, track_msg, track_prefix):
+                radar_tracks.pop(track_key, None)
+                radar_track_last_seen.pop(track_key, None)
+                continue
+
+              d_rel, y_rel, v_rel, a_rel = decode_radar_track(active_radar_spec, track_msg, track_prefix)
+
+              if track_key not in radar_track_ids:
+                radar_track_ids[track_key] = next_radar_track_id
+                next_radar_track_id += 1
+
+              radar_tracks[track_key] = RadarTrackPoint(
+                trackId=radar_track_ids[track_key],
+                dRel=d_rel,
+                yRel=y_rel,
+                vRel=v_rel,
+                aRel=a_rel,
+              )
+              radar_track_last_seen[track_key] = sm.frame
+
+      stale_tracks = [
+        track_key for track_key, last_seen in radar_track_last_seen.items()
+        if (sm.frame - last_seen) > RADAR_TRACK_TIMEOUT_FRAMES
+      ]
+      for track_key in stale_tracks:
+        radar_track_last_seen.pop(track_key, None)
+        radar_tracks.pop(track_key, None)
+
+    active_radar_tracks = [
+      track for track_key, track in radar_tracks.items()
+      if active_radar_format_name is not None and track_key[0] == active_radar_format_name
+    ]
+    active_radar_buses = sorted({
+      track_key[1] for track_key in radar_tracks
+      if active_radar_format_name is not None and track_key[0] == active_radar_format_name
+    })
+    if len(active_radar_tracks) == 0:
+      active_radar_tracks = sm['liveTracks'].points
+      active_radar_buses = []
+
+    radar_heatmap_mode = RADAR_HEATMAP_MODES[radar_heatmap_mode_idx]
+    if radar_heatmap_mode in ("TOP", "BOTH"):
+      update_radar_heatmap(active_radar_tracks, radar_heatmap)
+    if radar_heatmap_mode in ("CAMERA", "BOTH"):
+      update_radar_camera_heatmap(active_radar_tracks, camera_radar_heatmap, calibration, img.shape)
+      overlay_heatmap(img, camera_radar_heatmap, CAMERA_RADAR_HEATMAP_ALPHA)
+
+    # draw decoded radar tracks when present, otherwise fall back to liveTracks
+    draw_radar_points(active_radar_tracks, top_down[1])
+    draw_radar_points_camera(active_radar_tracks, img, calibration)
+
+    # *** blits ***
+    # Update camera texture from numpy array
+    img_rgba = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_RGB2RGBA)
+    rl.update_texture(camera_texture, rl.ffi.cast("void *", img_rgba.ctypes.data))
+    rl.draw_texture_pro(
+      camera_texture,
+      rl.Rectangle(0, 0, camera_texture.width, camera_texture.height),
+      rl.Rectangle(0, 0, CAMERA_DRAW_WIDTH, CAMERA_DRAW_HEIGHT),
+      rl.Vector2(0, 0),
+      0.0,
+      rl.WHITE,
+    )
+
+    # display alerts
+    rl.draw_text_ex(font, sm['selfdriveState'].alertText1, rl.Vector2(180, 150), 30, 0, rl.RED)
+    rl.draw_text_ex(font, sm['selfdriveState'].alertText2, rl.Vector2(180, 190), 20, 0, rl.RED)
+
+    # draw plots (texture is reused internally)
+    plot_texture = draw_plots(plot_arr)
+    if hor_mode:
+      rl.draw_texture_pro(
+        plot_texture,
+        rl.Rectangle(0, 0, plot_texture.width, plot_texture.height),
+        rl.Rectangle(CAMERA_DRAW_WIDTH + TOP_DOWN_DRAW_WIDTH, 0, PLOT_DRAW_WIDTH, PLOT_DRAW_HEIGHT),
+        rl.Vector2(0, 0),
+        0.0,
+        rl.WHITE,
+      )
+    else:
+      rl.draw_texture(plot_texture, 0, 300, rl.WHITE)  # noqa: TID251
+
+    # Convert lid_overlay to RGBA and update top_down texture
+    # lid_overlay is (384, 960), need to transpose to (960, 384) for row-major RGBA buffer
+    lid_rgba = palette[lid_overlay.T]
+    if radar_heatmap_mode in ("TOP", "BOTH"):
+      overlay_heatmap(lid_rgba[..., :3], radar_heatmap.T, RADAR_HEATMAP_ALPHA)
+    rl.update_texture(top_down_texture, rl.ffi.cast("void *", np.ascontiguousarray(lid_rgba).ctypes.data))
+    rl.draw_texture(top_down_texture, CAMERA_DRAW_WIDTH, 0, rl.WHITE)  # noqa: TID251
+
+    SPACING = 20
+    lines = [
+      ("ENABLED", GREEN if sm['selfdriveState'].enabled else BLACK),
+      ("SPEED: " + str(round(sm['carState'].vEgo, 1)) + " m/s", CYAN),
+      ("LONG CONTROL STATE: " + str(sm['controlsState'].longControlState), CYAN),
+      ("LONG MPC SOURCE: " + str(sm['longitudinalPlan'].longitudinalPlanSource), CYAN),
+      (f"RADAR FORMAT: {active_radar_format_name or 'NONE'}", AMBER),
+      (f"RADAR CAN MSGS: {can_range_msg_count}", AMBER),
+      (f"RADAR TRACKS: {len(active_radar_tracks)}"
+       + (f" (BUS {','.join(str(bus) for bus in active_radar_buses)})" if active_radar_buses else ""),
+       AMBER),
+      (f"RADAR STATE CHECKS: {'ON' if state_checks_enabled else 'OFF'}", AMBER),
+      (f"RADAR HEATMAP: {RADAR_HEATMAP_MODES[radar_heatmap_mode_idx]}", AMBER),
+      (f"ROUTE: {current_route_name}" if current_route_name is not None else "", SLATE),
+      (f"PLATFORM: {current_route_model}" if current_route_model is not None else "", SLATE),
+      (f"OFFSET: {current_offset_seconds()}s" if route_entries else "", SOFT_WHITE),
+      (f"PLAYBACK: {current_playback:.1f}x" if route_entries else "", SOFT_WHITE),
+      (f"STATUS: {'PAUSED' if paused else 'PLAYING'}" if route_entries else "", SOFT_WHITE),
+      ("ANGLE OFFSET (AVG): " + str(round(sm['liveParameters'].angleOffsetAverageDeg, 2)) + " deg", SOFT_WHITE),
+      ("ANGLE OFFSET (INSTANT): " + str(round(sm['liveParameters'].angleOffsetDeg, 2)) + " deg", SOFT_WHITE),
+      ("STIFFNESS: " + str(round(sm['liveParameters'].stiffnessFactor * 100.0, 2)) + " %", SOFT_WHITE),
+      ("STEER RATIO: " + str(round(sm['liveParameters'].steerRatio, 2)), SOFT_WHITE),
+    ]
+
+    hud_height = len(lines) * SPACING + 18
+    rl.draw_rectangle(write_x - 10, write_y - 12, 560, hud_height, rl.Color(8, 12, 18, 155))
+    rl.draw_rectangle(write_x - 10, write_y - 12, 4, hud_height, rl.Color(90, 235, 255, 255))
+    rl.draw_rectangle_lines(write_x - 10, write_y - 12, 560, hud_height, rl.Color(90, 235, 255, 80))
+
+    for i, line in enumerate(lines):
+      if line is not None:
+        color = rl.Color(line[1][0], line[1][1], line[1][2], 255)
+        rl.draw_text_ex(font, line[0], rl.Vector2(write_x, write_y + i * SPACING), 20, 0, color)
+
+    rl.end_drawing()
+
+  rl.unload_texture(camera_texture)
+  rl.unload_texture(top_down_texture)
+  rl.unload_font(font)
+  rl.close_window()
+  stop_replay(replay_proc)
+
+
+def get_arg_parser():
+  parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Show replay data in a UI.", formatter_class=argparse.ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter)
+
+  parser.add_argument("ip_address", nargs="?", default="127.0.0.1", help="The ip address on which to receive zmq messages.")
+  parser.add_argument("--route", default=None, help="Route to replay locally before opening the UI.")
+  parser.add_argument("--routes", action="store_true", help="Cycle Hyundai/Kia/Genesis routes from opendbc/car/tests/routes.py.")
+  parser.add_argument("--custom-routes", nargs="?", type=int, const=1, default=None,
+                      help="Cycle routes from tools/replay/custom_routes.py, optionally starting from a 1-based route index.")
+  parser.add_argument("--data-dir", default=None, help="Optional local route data directory to pass to replay.")
+  parser.add_argument("--playback", default="1.0", help="Replay playback speed when using --route.")
+  parser.add_argument("--prefix", default="ui-replay", help="OPENPILOT_PREFIX to use when launching replay from the UI.")
+  parser.add_argument("--frame-address", default=None, help="The frame address (fully qualified ZMQ endpoint for frames) on which to receive zmq messages.")
+  return parser
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+  args = get_arg_parser().parse_args(sys.argv[1:])
+
+  selected_sources = int(args.route is not None) + int(args.routes) + int(args.custom_routes is not None)
+  if selected_sources > 1:
+    raise SystemExit("Use only one of --route, --routes, or --custom-routes.")
+
+  route_entries = None
+  start_route_idx = 0
+  if args.route is not None:
+    route_entries = [(args.route, "MANUAL_ROUTE")]
+  elif args.routes:
+    route_entries = get_hkg_routes()
+  elif args.custom_routes is not None:
+    route_entries = get_custom_routes()
+    start_route_idx = max(0, min(len(route_entries) - 1, args.custom_routes - 1))
+
+  if route_entries:
+    os.environ["OPENPILOT_PREFIX"] = args.prefix
+    messaging.reset_context()
+  elif args.ip_address != "127.0.0.1":
+    os.environ["ZMQ"] = "1"
+    messaging.reset_context()
+
+  ui_thread(args.ip_address, route_entries=route_entries, playback=args.playback, data_dir=args.data_dir, prefix=args.prefix, start_route_idx=start_route_idx)